Ta có:

\(m_{HCl}=\frac{20.124,1}{100}=24,82\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\frac{24,82}{36,5}=0,68\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi a,b lần lượt là số mol Al,CaCO3 phản ứng

\(PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

_______a ______3a________a _________1,5a

\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)

b___________2b ______ b_______b

a)Giải hệ PT:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+2b=0,68\left(1\right)\\3a+44b=7,4\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,12\\b=0,16\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,12.27=3,24\left(g\right)\)

\(\%m_{Al}=\frac{3,24.100}{3,24+16}=16,84\%\)

\(\%_{CaCO3}=100\%-16,84\%=83,16\%\)

b)\(m_{Dd\left(spu\right)}=3,24+16+124,1-7,4=135,94\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{AlCl3}=\frac{0,12.133,5.100}{135,94}=11,78\%\)

\(C\%_{CaCl2}=\frac{0,16.111.100}{135,94}=13,06\%\)

Chia nhỏ câu hỏi ra nhìn rối lắm !

C32: 

a, \(n_C=\dfrac{2,4}{12}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_C=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

b, \(n_{NaOH}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=1,5\) → Pư tạo NaHCO₃ và Na₂CO₃

PT: \(CO_2+NaOH\rightarrow NaHCO_3\)

\(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=n_{NaHCO_3}+n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,2\\n_{NaOH}=n_{NaHCO_3}+2n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaHCO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ m_NaHCO3 = 0,1.84 = 8,4 (g)

m_Na2CO3 = 0,1.106 = 10,6 (g)

c, \(C_{M_{NaHCO_3}}=C_{M_{Na_2CO_3}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3}=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(M\right)\)

Lần sau bạn đăng tách câu hỏi ra nhé.

C31:

a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\)

b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{14,6}.100\%\approx44,52\%\\\%m_{ZnO}\approx55,48\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

c, \(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{14,6-0,1.65}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}+2n_{ZnO}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{10\%}=146\left(g\right)\)

E xem lại đề 

PTHH:

\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)

0,15                                                     0,15 

\(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=0,15\cdot100=15\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{CaO}=20,6-15=5,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{15\cdot100}{20,6}\approx73\%\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{CaO}=100\%-73\%=27\%\)

a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

_____0,2<---0,6<--------------0,3

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{0,2.27}{15,6}.100\%=34,615\%\\\%Al_2O_3=\dfrac{15,6-0,2.27}{15,6}.100\%=65,385\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{15,6-0,2.27}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Al₂O₃ + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂O

______0,1--->0,6

=> n_HCl = 0,6+0,6 = 1,2(mol)

=> \(V_{dd}=\dfrac{1,2}{2}=0,6\left(l\right)\)